In this Letter, we present a low-cost, high-resolution spectrometer design for ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT), in which multiple standard achromatic lenses are combined to replace the expensive F-theta lens to achieve a comparable performance. For UHR-OCT, the spectrometer plays an important role in high-quality 3D image reconstruction. Typically, an F-theta lens is used in spectrometers as the Fourier lens to focus the dispersed light on the sensor array, and this F-theta lens is one of the most expensive components in spectrometers. The advantage of F-theta lens over the most widely used achromatic lens is that the aberrations (mainly spherical aberration, SA) are corrected, so the foci of the dispersed optical beams (at different wavelengths) with different incident angles could be placed on the sensor array simultaneously. For the achromatic lens, the foci of the center part of the spectrum are farther than those on the side in the longitudinal direction, causing degradations of the spectral resolution. Furthermore, in comparison with the achromatic lens with the same focal length, those with smaller diameters have stronger SA, but small lenses are what we need for making spectrometers compact and stable. In this work, we propose a simple method of using multiple long-focal-length achromatic lenses together to replace the F-theta lens, which is >8-fold cheaper based on the price of optical components from Thorlabs, US. Both simulations and in vivo experiments were implemented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.

提出一种基于单相机的偏振谱域光学相干层析方法。该方法基于全单模光纤光路，使用宽带光源实现微米纵向高分辨率成像性能。通过硬件和软件两方面对系统色散进行矫正补偿，提高系统的实际分辨率。为实现样本偏振态的测量，入射至样品表面及参考臂的光偏振态由偏振片和四个偏振控制器进行调制。此外，利用偏振片在不同时间的通道切换实现两正交通道光谱信号的分时探测。根据得到的正交光谱信息，计算重构样品强度图和相位延迟图。该系统成功实现了单相机的偏振OCT测量，通过获取离体生物组织的强度图和相位延迟图验证了系统的成像能力。该方法为实现小型化在体高分辨偏振成像打下基础。

In this Letter, we present B-scan-sectioned dynamic micro-optical coherence tomography (BD-MOCT) for high-quality sub-cellular dynamic contrast imaging. Dynamic micro-optical coherence tomography (D-MOCT) is a functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique performed on high-resolution (micron level) OCT systems; hundreds of consecutive B-scans need to be acquired for dynamic signal extraction, which requires relatively long data acquisition time. Bulk motions occurring during data acquisition (even at the micron level) may degrade the quality of the obtained dynamic contrast images. In BD-MOCT, each full B-scan is divided into several sub-B-scans, and each sub-B-scan repeats multiple times before the sample beam moves to the next sub-B-scan. After all of the sub-B-scans for a full B-scan are completely acquired, we stitch all of the sub-B-scans into the same number of full B-scans. In this way, the time interval between two consecutive stitched B-scans could be reduced multiple times for bulk-motion suppression. The performed scanning protocol modulates the scanning sequences of fast scanning and repeat scanning for improving the dynamic contrast image quality, while the total data acquisition time remains almost the same.